- Young developmental participants under-train and over-compete.
- Adult- and professional-style competition schedules are superimposed on young participants.
- Adult training programs are superimposed on young participants.
- Training at the beginner and intermediate levels is too heavily focused on outcome (i.e., winning) instead of on the process (i.e., optimal development).
- Chronological age of the participant and not developmental readiness dominates program design and administration.
- Optimal periods of skill development are neglected or missed.
- Highest skilled coaches are working mostly at the older elite youth levels instead of the critical introductory and intermediate levels.
- Coaching education does not pay enough attention to the impact of growth and development on the proper design of programs.
This section is an adaptation of Balyi, Istvan; Charles Cardinal; Colin Higgs; Steve Norris; Richard Way. Canadian Sport for Life, (Victoria, BC: Canadian Sport Centres, 2005), p 19-34